The world of 1800 pitted several great European empires against each other. The Spanish still held a huge amount of territory in the Americas, but faced the rise of a radical new nation, the United States. In addition, France had fallen into near anarchy as a result of its 1789 revolution, but had stabilized under the leadership of an ambitious Corsican, Napoleon Bonaparte. The old order seemed to be passing away even in Europe, with a dangerous, and chaotic, period poised to take its place.